STUDIO VISIT | SEPTEMBER 2024

Sarah Morris

Sarah Morris in her New York studio, 2024. Portrait by Glen Jackson Taylor

In a wide-ranging discussion, Sarah Morris unpacks the intricate themes, concepts, and references that shape her distinctive body of work.

Curator’s Dan Golden visits Sarah Morris in her New York studio for a comprehensive exploration of her practice. Organized thematically and including key insights from Friedrich Petzel, her longtime gallerist, this special feature provides a deep dive into one of our most significant contemporary artists.

Photographs by Glen Jackson Taylor


PROCESS

“Structure is essential, but so is the freedom to break away from it.”

Dan Golden: Can you walk me through a typical day in your studio? What’s your process when you first begin working?

Sarah Morris: My days are structured, but within that structure, there’s room for flexibility. I usually start early, around 7 AM. I like to begin with a clean space—everything is in its place. There’s a ritual to setting up the day, getting the paints ready, and reviewing sketches or notes from the previous day. Once I start working, I try to stay focused on the task at hand, whether it’s the paintings, compositions, or experimenting with new materials. But I also allow myself the freedom to deviate from the plan if something catches my attention. It’s a balance between discipline and spontaneity.

DG: When planning a new work, what’s your approach?

SM: The planning phase is both exciting and daunting. It starts with a lot of research—reading, looking at images, and thinking about concepts. I might sketch out ideas or make notes, but I don’t always follow them strictly. It’s important to me to leave room for the work to evolve naturally. Sometimes, the initial plan is just a jumping-off point, and the work takes on a life of its own as I progress. I think of planning as a way to create a framework, but the work itself often dictates its direction as I engage with it.

DG: What inspires the complex geometric patterns in your work?

SM: The geometric patterns come from a combination of sources—architecture, urban planning, even the layout of a city. I spend a lot of time studying these forms, breaking them down, and reinterpreting them in my work. It’s a process of deconstruction and reconstruction. I might start with a simple grid or a pattern I’ve observed, and then I layer and manipulate it until it becomes something entirely new. The process is very intuitive—there’s a lot of trial and error, a lot of stepping back and reassessing. But that’s where the excitement lies for me, in the transformation of something familiar into something unexpected.

DG: What’s your method for balancing spontaneity with structure in your creative process?

SM: It’s a delicate balance. I think of structure as the framework that holds everything together, but within that framework, there’s room for spontaneity. For example, when I’m working on a painting, I might start with a very rigid, geometric plan. But as the work progresses, I allow myself to deviate from that plan, to let the process guide me. It’s in those moments of deviation that unexpected things happen—colors interact in ways I hadn’t anticipated, or a new form emerges. That’s where the magic is for me. Structure is essential, but so is the freedom to break away from it.

DG: In what ways has your practice evolved over time? Do you see shifts in your approach or style?

SM: Absolutely. My practice is constantly evolving. I think it has to—staying static isn’t an option for me. There are definitely shifts, some subtle and others more pronounced. For example, I’ve noticed that my use of color has become more nuanced over the years. I’m more interested in the subtleties of how colors interact, rather than just the bold contrasts. My approach to composition has also changed—I’m more willing to take risks, to let the work develop in unexpected ways. Evolution is a natural part of any creative practice, and I embrace it fully.

Detail, Sarah Morris Studio, New York, 2024

SOURCE

“Corporate architecture fascinates me because it’s a form of power and control that we interact with daily, often without even realizing it.”

DG: Architecture seems to play a significant role in your work. How do you integrate architectural concepts into your artistic practice, particularly corporate architecture, and what elements of this kind of architecture inspire you?

SM: Absolutely. For me, architecture is not just a backdrop; it’s a central character in my work. I often start by analyzing the spatial dimensions and structural elements of a building or environment. This analysis becomes a sort of blueprint for my artistic exploration. I’m interested in how spaces can be both functional and symbolic. Corporate architecture fascinates me because it’s a form of power and control that we interact with daily, often without even realizing it. The way these buildings are designed—how they impose themselves on the skyline—says a lot about the entities they house. They’re designed to project a certain image, to convey stability, authority, and sometimes, even intimidation. I’m drawn to how these structures communicate on a psychological level, influencing behavior and perception without us being consciously aware of it. My work often explores these themes, dissecting the influence these environments have on our daily lives.

DG: It sounds like you’re looking at architecture almost like a collaborator. How do you ensure that your art complements or enhances the architectural elements?

SM: That’s right. I aim to create art that resonates with the architectural space rather than competing with it. My approach is to study the details—like the lines, shapes, and proportions of a building—and then use these elements to inform my artwork. The goal is to create a dialogue where both art and architecture inform each other.

DG: You’ve talked about color being a language in your work. How do you choose your color palette, and what does it signify in your pieces?

SM: Color is fundamental to my storytelling. I choose colors based on their emotional impact and their ability to convey particular themes or narratives. For instance, vibrant reds and blues might be used to evoke intensity and conflict, while softer pastels can create a sense of calm or nostalgia. The way colors interact, create harmony or discord, and evoke certain feelings or memories is central to my work. I’m fascinated by the psychological aspect of color and how it can guide the viewer’s emotional response and interpretation. In my practice, color isn’t just decorative; it’s integral to the meaning of the work.

DG: Modernism seems to play a significant role in your work. How does it influence your approach and style?

SM: Modernism is a significant influence on my work, both aesthetically and conceptually. I’m drawn to the clean lines, the emphasis on function, and the idea of stripping things down to their essence. But I’m also interested in how modernism interacts with contemporary life. We live in a world that’s much more complex and layered than the modernists could have imagined, and I like to play with that situation in my work. I might take a modernist form and disrupt it, add layers, or introduce elements that challenge the simplicity of the original design. It’s a way of engaging with history while also commenting on the present.

DG: Do you find yourself directly referencing Modernist works, or is it more about the ethos and approach?

SM: It’s more about the ethos. While I may not directly reference specific Modernist works, their spirit of innovation and abstraction informs my creative process. It’s about keeping that sense of exploration and challenging the status quo in my own work.

DG: How does film influence your work, particularly your exploration of narrative and space?

SM: Film is a huge influence on my work, especially in terms of how I think about narrative and space. Films create these immersive worlds, and I’m fascinated by how they manipulate space and time to tell a story. I often think of my paintings as cinematic—they’re about creating a sense of movement, a progression of ideas, much like a film. I’m also interested in the idea of the frame, how what’s inside the frame tells one story, while what’s outside suggests another. It’s about creating a dialogue between the seen and the unseen, the known and the unknown. Films like “The Parallax View” play with these ideas, and they’ve definitely influenced how I approach my own work.

DG: How do you see the relationship between your paintings and your films?

SM: My paintings and films are deeply connected—they’re different mediums, but they’re part of the same conversation. Both are about exploring space, time, and narrative, but they do so in different ways. In my paintings, I’m dealing with a static image, so the narrative has to be implied through composition, color, and form. In my films, I have the luxury of movement and sound, which allows me to explore these ideas in a more dynamic way. But ultimately, both are about creating a dialogue with the viewer, inviting them to engage with the work on multiple levels.

Detail, Sarah Morris Studio, New York, 2024

CONCEPT

“I’m fascinated by the tension between what is seen and what is hidden, what is transparent and what is opaque.”

DG: Your work blends technical skill with conceptual depth. How do these elements interact in your practice?

SM: Absolutely. The technical aspects—like the materials I choose, the way I layer colors, and the specific lines and shapes—are crucial. But they’re always in service of a larger concept. I’m not just making something visually appealing; I’m exploring ideas about perception, power, and our interactions with environments. The technical side supports and enhances the conceptual foundation of my work. Conceptualism is the foundation of my work. I start with underlying ideas—what am I trying to express or question? Sometimes the concept is clear from the beginning, but often it evolves as I work. Themes like perception, reality, and our surroundings guide the direction and depth of my work.

DG: Language seems central to your work. How do you approach it in your pieces?

SM: Language plays a crucial role in my work. I’m intrigued by how we communicate both verbally and visually. Language has an abstraction—words can be interpreted in various ways, revealing and concealing meaning. In my paintings, I use symbols, signs, and text to create a visual language. It’s about exploring the limits of communication and the spaces where understanding breaks down. This ambiguity in language creates a powerful dialogue between precision and vagueness.

DG: Abstraction and representation often intersect in your art. What’s your process for navigating these two modes?

SM: Balancing abstraction and representation is a dynamic process. Abstraction allows for open-ended exploration, inviting viewers to bring their own interpretations. Representation grounds the work in recognizable elements. I often blur the lines between the two, using abstract forms that suggest real-world references or representing subjects in a way that approaches abstraction. This interplay engages viewers, prompting them to question what they see and its meaning.

DG: You’ve talked about transparency and opacity, visibility and invisibility, in your work. How do these concepts manifest in your work?

SM: These dualities are central to my practice. I’m fascinated by the tension between what is seen and what is hidden, what is transparent and what is opaque. In many ways, these concepts reflect the complexities of modern life—how we navigate visibility in an increasingly surveilled world, for example, or how corporations present a facade of transparency while keeping their true operations opaque. These ideas recur throughout my work, whether through the materials I choose, the forms I create, or the spaces I depict. It’s about revealing layers and questioning what’s really beneath the surface.

DG: Repetition is a theme in your work. What draws you to it?

SM: Repetition is fundamental in my work. It creates rhythm and structure while exploring the concept of variation within sameness. Repeating forms or colors establishes patterns with subtle differences that animate the work. Repetition also has a meditative quality, drawing viewers in and focusing their attention on the details, which is an aspect I find particularly compelling.

DG: How do the materials you choose influence the work you create?

SM: The materials and techniques I use are essential to realizing my conceptual ideas. For example, a reflective surface might relate to themes of transparency and opacity, while a specific color palette might be chosen for its emotional impact. My process involves experimenting with different materials, pushing their limits, and observing how they interact with the concepts I’m exploring. Each material has its own language and conveys meaning in a unique way.

DG: Where does color fit into your conceptual approach?

SM: Color is a key element of my conceptual practice. I choose colors based on their emotional impact and their ability to convey themes or narratives. For instance, vibrant reds and blues might evoke intensity, while softer pastels can create a sense of calm or nostalgia. By strategically using color, I guide viewers’ emotional responses and interpretations, enriching the visual language of my work.

Detail, Sarah Morris Studio, New York, 2024

Detail, Sarah Morris Studio, New York, 2024

INSIGHT

“Sarah’s paintings, films, posters, drawings, and books offer a complex reading of contemporary society.”

DG: You have represented Sarah Morris for nearly a quarter century. What essential elements have contributed to such a long and successful collaboration?

Friedrich Petzel: Trust! From the time I met Sarah in her studio, I was mesmerized by her conceptual clarity, ambition, and paintings’ beauty. I felt a synergy between us allowed us to develop an entrepreneurial partnership. We had read similar books and admired similar contemporary artists and historians.  My job was to give Sarah the platform to develop her ideas. 

DG: Do you recall your first encounter with her work?

FP: I visited Sarah’s studio in the mid-1990s, located in a completely wrecked commercial building on 42nd Street, long before the gentrification of Midtown. 

DG: Over the years, Morris’ work’s diversity in media and scale has undoubtedly presented unique challenges for the gallery. Could you share some of these challenges and how you’ve overcome them?

FP: I see the gallery as an intermediary between the museum and the artist’s studio. Yes, we also sell paintings to private clients, but the joy is to match Sarah’s vision with the possibilities that public spaces allow. We were able to facilitate commissions such as the Public Art Fund, for which Sarah proposed an enormous painting for the Lever House ceiling. It was all finished on time, but we worked until midnight before the official opening, making last-minute adjustments. Sarah knows best where specific details require improvements, and she is one of the hardest-working artists I’ve ever had the pleasure of working with.

DG: Is there one exhibition or project with Morris that stands out to you?

FP: Hmm, that isn’t easy to answer after so many collaborations. I live in the present, and therefore I’d like to highlight Sarah’s retrospective that opened last year at the Deichtorhallen Hamburg and continues to travel throughout Europe. One can visit the show at the Zentrum Paul Klee in Bern, then in September at the Kunstmuseum Stuttgart.

DG: What would you say distinguishes Sarah Morris’s work in the contemporary art landscape?

FP: Sarah’s paintings, films, posters, drawings, and books offer a complex reading of contemporary society. Her subject matter is not limited to an American audience but also speaks to European and Asian audiences with clarity and conviction. I want to distinguish Sarah’s vision from that of many other artists who would instead “illustrate” complexity rather than create complex and challenging artworks.

Detail, Sarah Morris Studio, New York, 2024

FUTURE

“I’m always interested in pushing the boundaries of my practice.”

DG: What can you share about your upcoming projects? Are there any themes or ideas you’re particularly excited to explore?

SM: I’m currently working on a series that delves into the intersection of digital and physical spaces. I’m fascinated by how technology is reshaping our interactions with our environment and how that can be reflected inthe work. This project will explore the tension between the virtual and the tangible, using both traditional and digital mediums to create a dialogue between these realms.

DG: When developing a new series or project, what’s your process from conception to execution?

SM: For me, each new project begins with a period of research and exploration. I immerse myself in the themes and concepts I want to address, often sketching and experimenting with different materials. Once I have a clear direction, I move into the more structured phase of production, where I refine my ideas and begin creating the final pieces. It’s a process of continuous evolution and adjustment.

DG: Where do you see your work heading? Are there any new techniques or elements you’re eager to explore?

SM: I’m always interested in pushing the boundaries of my practice. In the coming years, I plan to experiment more with interactive and immersive elements. I’m excited about the possibilities of incorporating new technologies into my work. This will allow me to create more dynamic and engaging experiences for the viewer.

DG: What ideas or experiences are currently shaping your approach?

SM: Right now, I’m deeply engaged with the possibilities technology offers in expanding artistic practice. My recent experiences and travels have also opened up new perspectives that I’m eager to explore. These influences are helping me rethink how I can integrate different mediums and concepts in a way that feels fresh and challenging.

DG: How do you envision your place within the broader landscape of art and beyond?

SM: I see my work as part of a larger conversation about the role of art in a rapidly changing world. I’m interested in how my practice can contribute to discussions about technology, space, and perception. Ultimately, I want my work to resonate with contemporary issues and push the boundaries of traditional art forms, while also engaging with deeper questions about how we experience and interpret the world around us.

Sarah Morris in her New York studio, 2024. Portrait by Glen Jackson Taylor


Sarah Morris was born in 1967 in Sevenoaks, United Kingdom and now lives and works in New York. Since the mid-1990s she has reinvigorated painting with her abstracted geometric snapshots of urban environments. Often working in distinct series that are created in conjunction with a film, she has explored the psychological typologies of Midtown Manhattan, Las Vegas, Paris, Rio de Janeiro, Abu Dhabi, and Osaka, among others.

Her work is included in the collections of the Centre Pompidou, Paris; Fondation Louis Vuitton, Paris; Government Art Collection, London; Guggenheim Abu Dhabi; Guggenheim Museum, New York; Istanbul Museum of Modern Art; Jumex Collection, Mexico City; Kunsthaus Zürich; LUMA Foundation, Zurich & Arles, France; Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Buenos Aires; Museum fur Moderne Kunst, Frankfurt; Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles; Museum of Modern Art, New York; National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.; National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne; Pérez Art Museum Miami; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art; Schaulager, Basel; Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam; Tate Collection, London; and Victoria and Albert Museum, London, among others.